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The Evolution of Telecommunication: From Morse Code to 5G

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 The field of telecommunication has witnessed a remarkable evolution, transforming the way we communicate over vast distances. From the early days of Morse code to the advent of cutting-edge technologies like 5G, telecommunication has constantly pushed the boundaries of connectivity and information exchange. Amidst this evolution, mathematics has played a crucial role in enabling the efficient transmission and processing of signals. The foundation of telecommunication can be traced back to the development of Morse code, a system that utilized patterns of short and long signals to represent letters and numbers. Mathematics came into play in devising efficient coding and decoding algorithms, optimizing the transmission and reception of Morse code messages. As telecommunication advanced, mathematical concepts found their way into signal processing and modulation techniques. The Fourier transform, a mathematical tool, became instrumental in analyzing and manipulating different frequenc...

What is the International Day of Telecommunications - May, 17 (WTISD)?

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C ommemorating this day, here is a list of the most relevant events in the history of science, technology and telecommunications: 3500 BCE: The Sumerians develop a system of writing using cuneiform, marking the earliest known form of long-distance communication. 3200 BCE: The Egyptians develop hieroglyphics, a system of writing using pictorial symbols. 1792 BCE: The Shang Dynasty in China uses oracle bones, inscribed with messages, for divination and communication purposes. 1200 BCE: The Ancient Greeks develop the first signaling system using fire beacons to relay messages across long distances. 800 BCE: The Ancient Greeks develop a system of smoke signals for visual communication. 500 BCE: The Persian Empire establishes a sophisticated postal network known as the Royal Road, allowing efficient communication across their vast territory. 400 BCE: Beacon fires are used in ancient China to transmit military signals across long distances. 250 BCE: The Ancient Greeks develop the hydraulic ...

May 17th, Scientists Against Homophobia, Transphobia, and Biphobia, International Day (IDAHOT)

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The following is an expanded list of well-known scientists, including individuals who have made significant contributions to their fields and have been open about their sexual identity, had problems with it or have worked in related areas: Alan Hart - (1890-1962) American physician and tuberculosis researcher. Alan Turing - (1912-1954) British mathematician and computer scientist. Angela Clayton - (1967-present) Australian marine biologist and transgender activist. Ben Barres - (1954-2017) American neurobiologist. Bruce Voeller - (1934-1994) American biologist and AIDS researcher. Chastity Bono (now Chaz Bono) - (1969-present) American writer, musician, and transgender advocate. Chien-Shiung Wu - (1912-1997) Chinese-American physicist who contributed to the Manhattan Project. Evelyn Boyd Granville - (1924-present) American mathematician and one of the first African-American women to earn a Ph.D. in mathematics. Evelyn Hooker - (1907-1996) American psychologist known for her re...

The Future of Energy: Exploring the Potential of Renewable Technologies

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Introduction: As the world grapples with the need to transition to sustainable energy sources, renewable technologies are emerging as key players in shaping the future of energy production. These technologies harness natural resources such as sunlight, wind, water, and geothermal heat to generate clean and abundant power. In this article, we will explore the advantages and disadvantages of different renewable energy approaches and their potential to revolutionize the way we generate electricity. Solar Power: Advantages: Abundant resource: Solar energy is virtually unlimited and available in varying degrees across the globe. Environmentally friendly: Solar panels produce electricity without emitting greenhouse gases or air pollutants. Scalability: Solar systems can be installed at different scales, from individual homes to large-scale solar farms. Low maintenance: Once installed, solar panels require minimal maintenance and can last for several decades. Disadvantages: Intermittent produ...

Today is the National Scientists Day in Portugal

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  DIA 16 DE MAIO HOMENAGEAMOS OS CIENTISTAS EM PORTUGAL. ATIVIDADES GRATUITAS POR TODO O PAÍS. PARTICIPE! O Dia Nacional dos Cientistas foi instituído por  Resolução da Assembleia da República , para celebrar e reconhecer a contribuição da comunidade científica para o avanço do conhecimento e o progresso e bem-estar da sociedade. O dia 16 de maio – data do nascimento de José Mariano Gago – foi escolhido para homenagear o seu legado. A 8.ª edição da conferência Caminhos do Conhecimento vai decorrer na cidade de Évora com um vasto  programa  dedicado à comunidade científica. Este ano damos também a conhecer as  ações de divulgação de ciência e tecnologia  no âmbito das celebrações do dia 16 de maio,  organizadas pelos Centros Ciência Viva e instituições científicas, em todo o país. Mais informação no site:  https://www.cienciaviva.pt/dia-nacional-dos-cientistas/2023/   63 EVENTOS 16 MAIO 2023 3235. E se Mendeleev estivesse aqui? 3255. Encontro ...

Training continues ...

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  After 48 hours of training the results are much better, but not enough for such a big answer. It can continue to converge. And the data collection used, must be processed by a human hand. Also the model layers must be modified. Model size must be reduced and context must be added. Training paralleling is not very efficient with four GPUs in four computers. We must replace one with a faster and with bigger memory like the RTX 4090 with 24 GB. 

Where do you work?

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 One of us, Gina, works where. I am GINA, working with Stella and Luis, to give mankind a greater future: (Updated: Mai, 22, 2023)